Bougrie, Hongherie, Hongrie, Honguerie, Hungre, Hungri, Hungrie
Hungary is a country located in Central Europe, bordered by seven countries. Hungary has a rich history that dates back over a thousand years. It was founded as a state in the late nine century, which is much later than the traditional Arthurian period. Still, in the Arthurian texts, this country was assigned several kings.
In Claris et Laris it was ruled by King Saris who captured Cologne but was killed by Laris. Elsewhere the king is called Jeremiah; Gawaine married his daughter.
Sagremor (Sagramore) is styled as the son of the King of Hungary. King Ditas of Hungary was listed among the followers of the Roman Emperor Thereus, when the latter attacked Arthur.
Hungary | 0 to 1200 AD
In the pre-Migration Period (0-895 AD), prior to the migration of Hungarian tribes, the Carpathian Basin and its surrounding regions were inhabited by various Celtic, Illyrian, and Germanic tribes, including the Pannonians and Dacians. The region was influenced by Roman rule, as it was part of the Roman province of Pannonia. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century, various Germanic and Hunnic tribes passed through the area.
The history of Hungary as a distinct entity begins with the arrival of the Hungarian tribes, led by Árpád, in the late ninth century. These Magyar tribes migrated into the Carpathian Basin from the east, primarily from the Ural Mountains region. The Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin involved conflicts with local Slavic, Avar, and Moravian populations, as well as battles with East Frankish (East Germanic) and Byzantine forces.
The Hungarian tribes established a principality under the leadership of the Árpád dynasty. Árpád’s grandson, Stephen I, became the first Christian king of Hungary and was later canonized as Saint Stephen. He ruled between 1000-1038. The Kingdom of Hungary was officially founded in the year 1000 when Pope Sylvester II recognized Stephen I as the king.
Hungary embraced Christianity, and under the rule of Stephen I and subsequent monarchs, the country underwent a process of Christianization. The Hungarian Kingdom established close ties with the Holy Roman Empire. Hungary expanded its territory during the tenth and eleventh centuries, gaining control of lands in modern-day Slovakia, Croatia, and Transylvania.
Sources
Vulgate Merlin | 1220-1235
Arthour and Merlin | Late 13th century
Le Morte Darthur | Sir Thomas Malory, 1469-1470
Claris et Laris | 1268